Context Economics

Context Economics

Skill 5: Context Economics and Optimization

The economic foundation that makes production agentic AI financially viable.


Overview

Skill 5 represents the critical competency for managing the most valuable and expensive resource in agentic AI systems: context. Every token included in a prompt consumes computational resources, increases latency, and incurs direct costs. The 2026 AI strategist must act as a "context economist," mastering sophisticated caching, compression, and optimization strategies.


The Three Sub-Skills

Sub-Skill Focus Area Key Concepts
5.1 Prefix Caching Leveraging computational reuse in inference engines KV cache, prefix caching, workflow-aware eviction
5.2 Context Compaction Reducing context size while preserving information Hierarchical summarization, sliding windows, semantic compression
5.3 Plan Caching Caching and reusing reasoning structures Abstract plan caching, plan similarity, dynamic adaptation

5.1 Prefix Caching and KV Cache Management

Prefix Caching Fundamentals

  • Core Principle: Reusing KV cache from previous computations for shared prompt prefixes
  • Benefits: 50-90% reduction in TTFT for cached prefixes, proportional cost savings
  • Use Cases: RAG systems with stable contexts, agents with fixed system prompts

Cache-Friendly Prompt Design

Design Pattern:

[System Prompt - Static] 
[RAG Context - Semi-Static] 
[Conversation History - Dynamic] 
[Current User Query - Unique]

Place static, expensive content at the beginning (prefix) and dynamic content at the end.

Platform Caching Implementations

  • Anthropic Prompt Caching: 90% cost reduction for cached tokens, 5-minute TTL
  • OpenAI Prompt Caching: Automatic caching, 50% cost reduction
  • Gemini Context Caching: Explicit cache API, up to 32K tokens

5.2 Context Compaction and Summarization

Hierarchical Summarization

Multi-level summarization with dynamic granularity:

  • Per-turn summaries: Brief summary of each exchange
  • Per-session summaries: Summary of entire conversation
  • Per-user summaries: Long-term profile and patterns

Compression ratios: 5:1 to 20:1 depending on granularity.

Sliding Window with Summarization

Pattern:

[Summarized History: Turns 1-50]
[Detailed History: Turns 51-60]
[Current Turn: 61]

Maintains detailed recent history and summarized older history.

Semantic Compression Techniques

  • Entity extraction: Identify and preserve key entities
  • Coreference resolution: Replace repeated references with compact representations
  • Information-theoretic compression: Entropy-based methods for high-information content

5.3 Agentic Plan Caching

Abstract Plan Reuse

  • Core Principle: Cache entire reasoning plans for reuse on similar requests
  • Pattern: "Book a flight" and "book a hotel" follow similar abstract plans
  • Benefits: 40-60% reduction in latency and cost for routine tasks

Plan Similarity Detection

  • Plan embeddings: Encode plans as vectors capturing semantic structure
  • Similarity metrics: Define thresholds for when plans are "similar enough"
  • Retrieval systems: Efficiently search plan cache for similar plans

Dynamic Plan Adaptation

  • Parameter substitution: Replace placeholders with actual values
  • Plan validation: Verify adapted plan is valid for current context
  • Correction and refinement: Adjust if validation fails

Real-World Cost Savings

Scenario Naive Cost Optimized Cost Savings
Customer Service (10K convos/day) $5,000/day $800/day 84%
Code Generation (50K token context) $0.50/request $0.05/request 90%
Research Assistant (document analysis) $2.00/query $0.30/query 85%
Workflow Automation (1K bookings/day) $1,000/day $450/day 55%

Transferable Competencies

Mastering Skill 5 requires proficiency in:

  • Caching Theory: Cache hierarchies, eviction policies, hit rate optimization
  • Computational Economics: Cost modeling, resource allocation, optimization
  • Information Theory: Compression, entropy, information preservation
  • Natural Language Processing: Summarization, entity extraction, semantic analysis
  • Workflow Analysis: Graph analysis, pattern recognition, predictive modeling
  • Performance Engineering: Profiling, bottleneck identification, optimization

Common Pitfalls

  1. Ignoring caching: Not leveraging platform caching features
  2. Poor prompt structure: Dynamic content before static content
  3. Over-compression: Aggressive summarization losing critical information
  4. Static eviction policies: Using LRU without considering workflow patterns
  5. No cost tracking: Not measuring economic impact of optimizations
  6. Premature optimization: Optimizing before understanding usage patterns
  7. Cache invalidation failures: Not properly invalidating stale content
  8. Ignoring platform differences: Not adapting to platform-specific implementations

Key Technologies

Platform Caching

  • Anthropic Prompt Caching (90% cost reduction, 1024+ token minimum)
  • OpenAI Prompt Caching (automatic, 50% cost reduction)
  • Gemini Context Caching (explicit API, up to 32K tokens)

Research & Tools

  • KVFlow (workflow-aware KV cache management)
  • Agentic Plan Caching (APC)
  • LangChain Memory (context management utilities)
  • LlamaIndex (RAG with caching support)

The Bottom Line

Skill 5 is the economic foundation that makes production agentic AI financially viable. Context is expensive—every token costs money and time. Mastering context economics through caching, compression, and optimization is the difference between a costly prototype and a profitable product.


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